When a lender, bonding agent or investor asks for financial statements, they are asking for one of these three. They are not interchangeable, and asking for more assurance than you need is an expensive mistake.
01SSARS / AR-C 80
Compilation
No assurance
I put your financial statements into proper form from the records you provide. I don't test them or express an opinion - the statements remain yours.
Usually asked for byInternal use, landlords, smaller lenders
02SSARS / AR-C 90
Review
Limited assurance
Analytical procedures and inquiry, ending in a statement that I'm not aware of any material modifications the statements need to conform with the applicable framework.
Usually asked for byMost bank loan covenants, surety bonding
03GAAS
Audit
Reasonable assurance
The highest level. Substantive testing, third-party confirmations and evidence gathering, concluding in a formal opinion on whether the statements are fairly stated in all material respects.
Usually asked for byLarger lenders, investors, grant funders, regulators
Which one do you need?
The requesting party decides, not you and not your CPA. Check the exact wording in your loan agreement, bond application or grant terms — it will name the level. If it is ambiguous, send it over and Lam will read it for you.
Call 832-290-1420